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1
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- 環境 à 生物 還是 生物 à 環境
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還是 生物 ßà
環境？
- 另類思考沒甚麼不好，
只要不是只會另類思考
- 因為，再多的小聰明也無法累積成大智慧
- 老生再談：學而不思則罔 思而不學則殆
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2
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3
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- Gaia --- 希臘女神，掌管地球，具雙重神格，對支持者關愛有加，否則予以毀滅
- 證據之一：從有生命以來，來自太陽的熱量增加了25％，但是地球的溫度卻大致維持穩定
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4
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- 整個地球是個 "super organismic system“
- Symbiosis, not chance mutation, was the driving force behind evolution
and that the cooperation between organisms and the environment are the
chief agents of natural selection.
- 演化是「合作」而非「競爭」的結果
- “Darwin's grand vision was
not wrong, only incomplete.”
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5
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- 人類很早就「相信」多重的世界 (plurality of inhabited worlds)，雖然古代的宇宙觀與現在大不相同
- 早在第三世紀時，就有人主張萬物
由「原子」 (atoms) 組成
à別處自然也可以有如此一般的天地
- 哲學論證可以有很多不同意見，例如 Aristotle 認為「世界是唯一的」
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6
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- 哥白尼 (Nicolaus Copernicus;
1473 Poland∼1543) ：主張「日心說」
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7
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8
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- 凱卜勒 (Johannes Kepler 1571~1630)月球上的隕石坑是當地居民所建造；木星的四個衛星則是 God 為當地居民而造
“Our Moon exists for us on Earth, not for the other globes. Those four little moons exist for
Jupiter, not for us. Each
planet in turn, together with its occupants, is served by its own
satellites. From this line
of reasoning we deduce
with the highest degree of probability that Jupiter is inhabited.”
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9
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- Sir Isaac Newton (1642 England ~ 1727) 運動定律；萬有引力
- è Richard Bentley (1662∼1742) of England
- “God would not have
made so many stars, most of which are invisible from Earth with the
unaided eye, for the purpose of man. Consequently they must exist for
the benefit of their own nearby inhabitants.”
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